Improvement in coffee-mills



i. f 2 sheetssheen J. 0. MILLIG'AN.

- Coffee-Mill. i No. 105,966. r Patented Aug. 2, 1870.

////////////////Zz l.' l

imm

N.FETERS, PHOTO-LITHDGRAPHER, WASHINGTON, D C,

2 sheetsf-sheen 2;

J. o. MILLIGAN. Coffee M111.

Patented Aug. 2,1870.

wituwm:

" `mills of the class known as box-mills; and

v ing-cone.

@atentdtiilira 7 y n JOHN o. MILLIGAN, .or BROOKLYN, NEW Yoan.V

Letters Patent No. 105,966, dated -gust 2, 1870. Y

The Schedulerxeferred. to ln these Lettera Patent and rnking p'axt ofthe fame fTo all when it lmay concern;V Y,

Be it known thatI, J om; G.M1L`L`1GAN, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, and State'of `N ew York, v have invented a newand useful `,Improvement in Cof- `fee-Mills; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof', which willenable othersskilled in the art to makeand ilse the same, reference being" had to the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification.u v i This `invention relates to improvements in coffee- `It consists-` M .v i Y First, in the arrangement of the ,nut-holding dog `and spring, `with the handlepdetachably connected to.

the topof the spindle, and with the nut thereon, for 'adjusting the spindle for grinding iine or coarse, the

` i f said arrangement being intended to facilitate the adjustment, and to admit of readily detaching ,the han- `die for packing. j Y

`Second,'in anarrangement. of the box-hopper, fixed fgrinding-oonefand the lowercross-bar, for connection all together, `by two or more screws or bolts, ina simy ple and permanent way, requiring little or` no adjustment. p

Third, in an arrangement o' the grinding-cone and `the shell relatively to4 each other, and of the furrows uof each, calculated to facilitate the feeding `or working "of the whole grainintc thefspace where itis first rei ceivedand acted upon.

lFigure 1`is asecti'onal elevation of inyimproved min, and

p Figure is aplan view or" the same. j n g Figure' is a side elevation ofthe revolving grind- Figure 4 isa section of the shell. Similar lettersof reference indicate corresponding l parts. 'l e A represents the bog: v B,th'c hopper; p f C, the spindle for the support of the revolving grinder;` i v D, the said grinder; and E' is the shell, in `connection with `l) works." i p i.

` The spindle is mounted in -vertical bearings in the upper cross-bar F; and, the loweron'e, G, passing `through both, it is vertically supported by the nut H screwing up and"` down onit, and resting on the top which the grinder of the cross-bar F." Y

I isthe handle, attachedvtothe top of the spindle by ascrew-threaded socket screwing down thereon,

i i the said socket being'on the sideof the handle at one end,.and thescrewthreads being pitched so that the handle screws on when `turning in the direction of i grinding. Q

The nut H is employed for raising or lowering the spindle, to adjust the cone D for grinding Ine or coarse and the handle I is provided with a holding-pawl, K, for engaging in notches, M, in the edge of the nut, the said pawl` being provided with a spring, L, for keeping it in the notches, and with a finger-piece, K',`for vtripping the nut. the handle.` l f These spindles C have been similarly arranged for i vertical adjustment in a cross-bar,1,bya nut, G, having a spring-holding pawl rigidly attached to the top of the spindle,` to which the crank was also permanently attached.

It is highly important for packing economically that the handles be so arranged that they may be readily detachedfand it is also` important that the pawl ,may

` be readily and conveniently tripped out of the.notches in the nut, both for adjusting the latter', and for detaching the handle'. I have, therefore, provided this jai-rangement of the handle 'for attaching to the spindie by a screw-threaded socket, and the holding-pawl K pivoted to it, as shown, ,and providedjvith the iinger-piece K, so placed that it may be tripped-in thel most convenient way `y the `first finger ot' the hand when grasping the handle. i The, bottom N of the hopper rests on'the top of the box, and has ears for the attaching-bolts or screws 0 .The hollowshell E fits up through the top of. the box into thefconical part of the hopper, and kis also provided with `ears, P, for the bolts, and the cross-bar G is fitted `at the ends` against the under side of the ears P. The wh'ole is then connected together by the bolts. or screws O, which, being once permanent-ly screwed up, require -lit-tle or no attention or adjustment, firmly securing all the points of the mill together.

In order to prevent the throwing back of the grains,

which occurs" in other'mills to a considerable extent l by reason of the action of the projecting ribs at the upper end ofthe cone, and also to facilitate the crack'- ing of the grains at the top while grinding lrrnly and uniformly at the bottom, I propose to arrange the shell E on straight lines from bottom to top, and the cone D I make inthe curved form represented in iig. 3, to provide space at thel top to admit the whole grains, the said curvature being on a greater radins from a to b, where the reduction of the grains is more rapid i than between the `points 1m,- where the finishing oper- .ation is performed.. g

As a further meansV of improving the cracking and grinding qualitiesof the cone D andshell E, also for working the grains into the space between them, I make long fnrrows, e, across the face from top to bot-V .tom in lines parallel'with' the axis of the spindle, and

having one wall, y, perpendicularthereto. The said The pawl and spring are connected to fnrrows are deep and wide at the top, gradually narrowing and shallowing toward the bottom. The'y are designed to be so broad at the top that the sections of grinding-surface between them will terminate in a point ther-eat, making ample room for the admission of the grains.

The sections of surface between these large furrows are provided with oblique'grooves, beginning at the walls g of the furrows e, and curving rearward and downward, as in ot-her mills.

The shell E is provided with similar furrows, f, but not as wide land deep as tbe fui-rows c, and the spaces between are similarly grooved.

I am awarethat furrows of like character to these fnrrows c and f have been arranged in other mills, but arranged so that the furrows ofthe cone and shell cross each other, so as to have a shearing action upon the grain, forcing it downward; and these inclinations of the furrows have been greater near the top than further downward. This larrangement has been adopted in other mills mainly because of the want ot' capacity to work the grains in fast enough at the top; but while it facilitates that operation, it is decidedly objectionable in the respect that the action of the walls g of the fnrrows is not as effective as when made parallel with the axis of the spindle, in which case the direction of the forces acting on the grain is in the shortest lines between the walls of the two opposing furrows.

I have found in practice that, with the facility afforded by my arrangement of the wide spaces at the top for the ready vadmission of the grain, it is only necessary, in order to have snficient downward draft, to arrange the small furrows h obliqnely, thus admitting ofthe arrangement of the furrows c and f as described, which, as before stated, greatly increases the grinding capacity and uniformity of the coffee or spice when ground. y

Having thus described my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-L l. The combination and arrangement of the spindle C, adjusting-nut H, provided with notches M, and cross-bar F, with the handle I detacbably connected with said spindle, and provided with the holding and tripping-pawl K and spring L, constructed substantially as specified.

2. The hopper-box B, having flange N, the guidingshell E, with flange P, and the lower cross-bar G, all relatively arranged to be connected with the box A by the adjusting screw-bolts O, as shown and described.

3. The cone D, provided with'the fnrrows e and b, in combination with the shell E, provided Wit-h fnrrows f and l), said conc being curved o n its outer surface,

and the inner wall of the shell being straight, all as and for the purpose specified.

4. The cone D, shell E, spindle C, bars F and G, vscrew-bolts O, and hopper B, all constructed and arranged as shown and describedl JNO. C. MILLIGAN.

Witnesses:

GEO. W.' MABEE, ALEX, F. ROBERTS. 

